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FEDERATION OF RUSSIA
Russia is a country of contrasts -- a vast territory rich in natural resources (especially oil and gas), where some are incredibly rich
and millions of others are desperately poor. When asked what they want for the future, many Russians speak of "having an
easier life, being able to buy good things." Their dreams of prosperity are fueled by foreign films and television programs and
infomercials that seem to run nonstop. But, for most, many material goods remain out of reach. Although the economy is finally
starting to recover from the 1998 devaluation of the ruble, millions don't have access to the country's wealth, while others buy
luxurious property abroad. Russia is simply a fascinating place -- from the imperial beauty of Moscow and St. Petersburg to the
bleakly romantic Siberian countryside.
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Below you will find the most read newspapers in Russia and some sites
that might be useful for you. We are trying our best to cover not only the
newspapers in every country but tourism, cruises and vacation and a lot
more. So, check us out from time to time... We have a lot to offer.
BACKGROUND
Founded in the 12th century, the Principality of
Muscovy, was able to emerge from over 200
years of Mongol domination (13th-15th
centuries) and to gradually conquer and absorb
surrounding principalities. In the early 17th
century, a new Romanov Dynasty continued this
policy of expansion across Siberia to the Pacific.
Under PETER I (ruled 1682-1725), hegemony
was extended to the Baltic Sea and the country
was renamed the Russian Empire. During the
19th century, more territorial acquisitions were
made in Europe and Asia. Repeated devastating
defeats of the Russian army in World War I led
to widespread rioting in the major cities of the
Russian Empire and to the overthrow in 1917 of
the imperial household. The Communists under
Vladimir LENIN seized power soon after and
formed the USSR. The brutal rule of and
threatens to destabilize the North Caucasus
region. Iosif STALIN (1928-53) strengthened
Russian dominance of the Soviet Union at a cost
of tens of millions of lives. The Soviet economy
and society stagnated in the following decades
until General Secretary Mikhail GORBACHEV
(1985-91) introduced glasnost (openness) and
perestroika (restructuring) in an attempt to
modernize Communism, but his initiatives
inadvertently released forces that by December
1991 splintered the USSR into 15 independent
republics. Since then, Russia has struggled in its
efforts to build a democratic political system and
market economy to replace the strict social,
political, and economic controls of the
Communist period. While some progress has
been made on the economic front, recent years
have seen a recentralization of power under
Vladimir PUTIN and an erosion in nascent
democratic institutions. A determined guerrilla
conflict still plagues Russia in Chechnya and
threatens to destabilize the North Caucasus
region.
GOVERNMENT Federal multi party
republic
LANGUAGES Russian (official), many others
CURRENCY Russian rouble = 100 kopeks
MEDICAL Visitors should protect against
diphtheria, hepatitis A, typhoid nand
encephalitis.
TRAVEL Travel to the Chechen Republic
and Northern Caucasus is inadvisable. Visitors
should keep valuables out of sight and be alert
at all times since theft and mugging occurs in
cities.
WEATHER Variable climate in north and
central regions; July to August warm and wet;
May to June and September to October dry;
November to April very cold with snow.
TIME ZONE GMT +3 in Moscow and St.
Petersburg. Other areas vary.
INTERNATIONAL DIALLING CODE 7
GEOGRAPHY
LOCATION:
Northern Asia (that part west of the Urals is
included with Europe), bordering the Arctic
Ocean, between Europe and the North Pacific
Ocean
AREA:
total: 17,075,200 sq km
land: 16,995,800 sq km
water: 79,400 sq km
NATURAL RESOURCES:
wide natural resource base including major
deposits of oil, natural gas, coal, and many
strategic minerals, timber
CAPITAL:
Moscow
ADMINISTRATIVE DIVISIONS:
48 oblasts (oblastey, singular - oblast), 21
republics (respublik, singular - respublika), 9
autonomous okrugs (avtonomnykh okrugov,
singular - avtonomnyy okrug), 7 krays (krayev,
singular - kray), 2 federal cities (singular -
gorod), and 1 autonomous oblast (avtonomnaya
oblast')
: oblasts: Amur (Blagoveshchensk), Arkhangel'sk,
Astrakhan', Belgorod, Bryansk, Chelyabinsk,
Chita, Irkutsk, Ivanovo, Kaliningrad, Kaluga,
Kamchatka (Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskiy),
Kemerovo, Kirov, Kostroma, Kurgan, Kursk,
Leningrad, Lipetsk, Magadan, Moscow,
Murmansk, Nizhniy Novgorod, Novgorod,
Novosibirsk, Omsk, Orenburg, Orel, Penza,
Pskov, Rostov, Ryazan', Sakhalin
(Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk), Samara, Saratov,
Smolensk, Sverdlovsk (Yekaterinburg), Tambov,
Tomsk, Tula, Tver', Tyumen', Ul'yanovsk,
Vladimir, Volgograd, Vologda, Voronezh,
Yaroslavl'
: republics: Adygeya (Maykop), Altay
(Gorno-Altaysk), Bashkortostan (Ufa), Buryatiya
(Ulan-Ude), Chechnya (Groznyy), Chuvashiya
(Cheboksary), Dagestan (Makhachkala),
Ingushetiya (Magas), Kabardino-Balkariya
(Nal'chik), Kalmykiya (Elista),
Karachayevo-Cherkesiya (Cherkessk), Kareliya
(Petrozavodsk), Khakasiya (Abakan), Komi
(Syktyvkar), Mariy-El (Yoshkar-Ola), Mordoviya
(Saransk), Sakha [Yakutiya] (Yakutsk), North
Ossetia (Vladikavkaz), Tatarstan (Kazan'), Tyva
(Kyzyl), Udmurtiya (Izhevsk)
: autonomous okrugs: Aga Buryat (Aginskoye),
Chukotka (Anadyr'), Evenk (Tura),
Khanty-Mansi, Koryak (Palana), Nenets
(Nar'yan-Mar), Taymyr [Dolgano-Nenets]
(Dudinka), Ust'-Orda Buryat (Ust'-Ordynskiy),
Yamalo-Nenets (Salekhard)
: krays: Altay (Barnaul), Khabarovsk, Krasnodar,
Krasnoyarsk, Permskiy, Primorskiy
(Vladivostok), Stavropol'
: federal cities: Moscow (Moskva), Saint
Petersburg (Sankt-Peterburg)
: autonomous oblast: Yevrey [Jewish]
(Birobidzhan)
note: administrative divisions have the same
names as their administrative centers (exceptions
have the administrative center name following in
parentheses)
note: formidable obstacles of climate, terrain, and
distance hinder exploitation of natural resources
NATIONAL HOLIDAY:
Russia Day, 12 June (1990)
INDEPENDENCE:
24 August 1991 (from Soviet Union)
FLAG DESCRIPTION:
three equal horizontal bands of white (top), blue,
and red
Russian Newspapers Online
SOME PLACES THAT YOU MIGHT
WANT TO SEE WHILE YOU'RE IN
RUSSIA
The Moscow Kremlin, built in 1150,
has been an important landmark in the
history of Russia (MOSCOW)
http://www.geographia.com/russia/mosc
ow02.htm
St.Basil's Cathedral on Moscow's Red Square.
St.Basil's was commissioned by Ivan the
Terrible and built between 1555 and 1560
(MOSCOW)
http://www.moscow-taxi.com/churches/st-basils-
cathedral.html
The Museum of Anthropology and
Ethnography, reflected in the blue waters of
Bolshaya Neva (ST.PETERSBURG)
http://www.mini-hotel.com/museum/muscunst_
eng.php
The stone Cathedral of St.Sophia in
Novgorod. Built by Yarolavs son, Prince
Vladimir in 1050 to rival the magnificent
architecture of Kiev. (NOVGOROD)
http://www.novgorod.ru/eng/hist/archit/arc_31.h
tm
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