

GEOGRAPHY: Large parts of Latvia are covered by forests, and the country has over 12,000 small rivers and over
3,000 lakes. An inlet of the Baltic Sea, the shallow Gulf of Riga is situated in the northwest of the country. The capital
city Riga is located on the shores of this inlet, where the River Daugava flows into it. The Latvian climate is maritime and
temperate in nature, with cool summers and wet, moderate winters.
POLITICS: The 100-seat unicameral Latvian parliament, the Saeima, is elected by direct, popular vote every four years.
The president is elected by the Saeima in a separate election also every four years. The president appoints a prime
minister who, together with his cabinet, forms the executive branch of the government, which has to receive a
confidence vote by the Saeima.
HISTORY: In the 1990s and early 21st century, Latvia focused on "rejoining Europe"; its two major goals, NATO and
European Union membership, were achieved in 2004. Controversial language and citizenship laws (Latvian is the sole
official language and citizenship was not automatically extended to those who arrived during the Soviet era or their
descendants) have been opposed by many Russophones. Though many residents are naturalizing since the law was
liberalized, almost 18.5% of the inhabitants remain non-citizens today. The government denationalized private property
confiscated by the Soviets, returning it or compensating the owners when that was not possible, and privatized most
state-owned industries, reintroducing the prewar currency.
CAPITAL CITY: Riga

Latvia Attractions and facts
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